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α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Abstract Immigration policies in western democracies have often been contrary to the predictions of the mainstream theory of international economics. Political parties that are predicted to adopt policies beneficial for lower-income constituents have not protected workers from labor-market competition. Nor have workers been protected from a fiscal burden of financing incomes and benefits for welfare-dependent immigrants. We explain the contradiction by immigrants being future voters. We give a hearing to alternative interpretations.