Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
We examine the relationship between ethnic diversity and environmental quality, proxied by carbon dioxide ($${\rm C{O_2}}$$CO2) emissions. Ethnic diversity is captured using indices of ethnic fractionalization. Adopting a supply-demand framework which introduces a model for economic growth, we find that ethnic fractionalization reduces $${\rm C{O_2}}$$CO2 emissions. The negative effect of ethnic diversity on $${\rm C{O_2}}$$CO2 emissions is also consistent across middle and low-income countries as well as high-income countries. However, results suggest that ethnic diversity has a negative effect on growth in middle and low-income countries, but a positive effect on growth in high-income countries. Our findings prove robust to alternative estimation methods.