Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
•We construct measures of cost inefficiency in Chinese banks using bootstrap DEA.•Cost inefficiency is separated into technical and allocative inefficiency.•We argue that allocative inefficiency is the result of rational decision making.•Hypotheses as to the source and properties of allocative inefficiency are tested.•The source of allocative inefficiency shows a high level of management efficiency.