Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
This paper presents comparisons of labor productivity (value added per hour worked) in market services for the United Kingdom, the United States, France, and Germany in 1993. Market services, defined as (1) distribution, hotels and catering; (2) transport and communications; and (3) finance, insurance, and real estate, make up 34-43 percent of total employment in the four countries. For productivity in market services overall, the United States led the United Kingdom by 35 percent in 1993, Germany led the United Kingdom by 34 percent, and France led the United Kingdom by 36 percent. The U.K. productivity shortfall vis-a-vis Germany and France was wider in market services than in manufacturing. Copyright 1998 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd