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α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Many have argued that, if labor income is difference stationary, the permanent income hypothesis predicts that consumption should be relatively volatile. In U.S. aggregate data, labor income is well characterized as having a unit root; however, consumption turns out to be relatively smooth. This anomaly is known as Deaton's paradox. The author resolves this paradox by providing decompositions of labor income into permanent and transitory components. They preserve the univariate dynamic properties of labor income. However, when agents distinguish permanent and transitory movements in their labor income, the permanent income hypothesis correctly predicts the observed smoothness in consumption. Copyright 1990 by University of Chicago Press.