Female Executives and the Motherhood Penalty

A-Tier
Journal: Journal of Human Resources
Year: 2025
Volume: 60
Issue: 5

Authors (3)

Seth Murray (not in RePEc) Danielle H. Sandler (Conference on Research in Inco...) Matthew Staiger (not in RePEc)

Score contribution per author:

1.341 = (α=2.01 / 3 authors) × 2.0x A-tier

α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count

Abstract

We use U.S. linked survey and administrative data to investigate whether the sex composition of a firm’s executives affects the earnings of new mothers. Our empirical strategy compares the earnings trajectories of new mothers to observably similar coworkers who did not give birth around that time. On average, mothers earn almost $2,000 less per quarter two years after birth, but the magnitude of these losses is unrelated to the female share of executives at the mothers’ employer. Our results suggest that increasing the representation of women in firms’ leadership positions will not reduce the motherhood penalty.

Technical Details

RePEc Handle
repec:uwp:jhriss:v:60:y:2025:i:5:p:1706-1736
Journal Field
Labor
Author Count
3
Added to Database
2026-01-29