Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
This paper analyzes the relation between real stock returns and real activity from 1889 to 1988. It replicates Eugene F. Fama's (1990) results for the 1953-87 period using an additional sixty-five years of data. It also compares two measures of industrial production in the tests: (1) the series produced by Babson for 1889-1918, spliced with the Federal Reserve Board index of industrial production for 1919-88, and (2) the new Miron and Romer (1989) index spliced with the Federal Reserve Board index in 1941. Fama's findings are robust for a much longer period--future production growth rates explain a large fraction of the variation in stock returns. The new Miron-Romer measure of industrial production is less closely related to stock price movements than the older Babson and Federal Reserve Board measures. Copyright 1990 by American Finance Association.