Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Krouse and Lee [5] have formulated an optimal financing problem of a firm in the dynamic setting of optimal control theory. Specifically, the problem is to find a financing mix of retained earnings and external equity over time in a way that maximizes the present value of the entire future dividends stream accruing to the firm's initial stockholders subject to a given maximum allowable growth rate for the firm.