Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
This paper shows that yardstick competition does not assist a regulator when lump‐sum transfers are not costly and the regulator does not care about the distribution of income. Yardstick competition may discourage investment that would make efficient operation possible. The paper characterizes optimal regulatory schemes in a simple model and demonstrates that it may be optimal to limit the amount of information available to the regulator.