Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Existing studies have focused on the negative impact of inefficient resource allocation on energy performance in China, but neglected to explore the underlying reason for this phenomenon from the perspective of market segmentation. To fill this research gap, the epsilon-based measure model is used to estimate energy efficiency, and the measurement method of market segmentation is improved in this paper. On the basis of a theoretical hypothesis, we use fractional regression models to conduct empirical research. The results show that market segmentation has a significant negative effect on China’s energy efficiency. Additionally, this inhibitory effect is robust but heterogeneous. The impact mechanism test indicates that energy price distortion, enterprise technology innovation, and industrial agglomeration are three intermediate influence channels. Based on these analyses, we suggest that China should accelerate market-oriented reform and eliminate market segmentation in pursuit of energy-saving and emission-abating goals.