Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
This paper provides two characterizations of the retailer’s markup relative to the manufacturer’s markup in vertical relationships with homogeneous manufacturers and homogeneous retailers. We first show that retailer’s relative markup is equal to the ratio of the retail pass-through to the wholesale pass-through, multiplied by the number of manufacturers relative to the number of retailers. We then provide its expression in terms of the inverse demand curvature.