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α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
The European Commission and the European Central Bank seek to lower payment costs within the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA). Payment scale and scope economies estimated using previously unavailable individual bank data for the Netherlands over 1997-2005 show that costs can be markedly reduced through cross-border consolidation of payment processing operations, furthering the goal of SEPA and benefiting payment users.