Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
We develop generalized indirect estimation procedures that handle equality and inequality constraints on the auxiliary model parameters by extracting information from the relevant multipliers, and compare their asymptotic efficiency to maximum likelihood. We also show that, regardless of the validity of the restrictions, the asymptotic efficiency of such estimators can never decrease by explicitly considering the multipliers associated with additional equality constraints. Furthermore, we discuss the variety of effects on efficiency that can result from imposing constraints on a previously unrestricted model. As an example, we consider a stochastic volatility process estimated through a <sc>garch</sc> model with Gaussian or t distributed errors. Copyright 2004, Wiley-Blackwell.