Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
U.S. stock return predictability is analyzed using a measure of credit standards (Standards) derived from the Federal Reserve Board׳s Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices. Standards is a strong predictor of stock returns at a business cycle frequency, especially in the post-1990 data period. Empirically, a tightening of Standards predicts lower future stock returns. Standards performs well both in-sample and out-of-sample and is robust to a host of consistency checks. Standards captures stock return predictability at a business cycle frequency and is driven primarily by the ability of Standards to predict cash flow news.