Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Using a sequence of VAR-based nested multivariate models, we discuss the different layers of restrictions that are imposed on the VAR in levels by present-value models (PVM hereafter) for series that are subject to present-value restrictions. Our focus is novel: we are interested in the short-run restrictions entailed by PVMs (Vahid & Engle, 1993, 1997) and their implications for forecasting.