The Cost of Consumer Collateral: Evidence From Bunching

S-Tier
Journal: Econometrica
Year: 2025
Volume: 93
Issue: 3
Pages: 779-819

Authors (3)

Benjamin L. Collier (not in RePEc) Cameron M. Ellis (not in RePEc) Benjamin J. Keys (University of Pennsylvania)

Score contribution per author:

2.681 = (α=2.01 / 3 authors) × 4.0x S-tier

α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count

Abstract

How do collateral requirements impact consumer borrowing behavior? Using administrative loan application and performance data from the U.S. Federal Disaster Loan Program, we exploit a loan amount threshold above which households must post their residence as collateral. Our bunching estimates suggest that the median borrower is willing to give up 40% of their loan amount to avoid posting collateral. Exploiting time variation in the threshold, we estimate collateral causally reduces default rates by 36%. Finally, we structurally estimate households' attachment to their homes, net of any equity, and find a median value of $11,000. Attachment creates a wedge between lender and borrower valuation of collateral of 15%. Our results explain high perceived default costs in the mortgage market, and document the importance of collateral for reducing moral hazard in consumer credit markets.

Technical Details

RePEc Handle
repec:wly:emetrp:v:93:y:2025:i:3:p:779-819
Journal Field
General
Author Count
3
Added to Database
2026-01-25