Score contribution per author:
α: calibrated so average coauthorship-adjusted count equals average raw count
Using Japanese microdata for the period 1980 to 2000 we find evidence for two transmission channels from financial shocks to foreign direct investment: a collateral channel, whereby changes in the value of investors' landholdings affect their borrowing ability; and a lending channel, whereby changes in bank health affect banks' lending ability. Decreasing land values by 55% on average from their peak in 1990 to the sample mean reduces the predicted number of investments by 17%. Reducing banks' market-to-book ratios by an average 61% from their high in 1986 to the sample mean lowers predicted investment counts by 21%.